The switching regulated power supply volume is small, light weight, high efficiency, the Regulator a wide range of safe and reliable, to be used in many electronic devices. However, like other circuits also exist some problems, such as the control circuit complexity, higher operating frequency be TV, radio, electromagnetic radiation interference to radio noise appears, TV noise points, even feedback interfere with other electronic devices work properly.
1 super audio interference oscillation problems
The operating frequency switching regulated power supply is more than for 20-100kHz, is a super audio range. To a frequency corresponding to work as a switching regulator of the power supply device transistor or field effect transistor in the conduction and cutoff state, the oscillatory waveform approximates a square wave (overshoot), and can be decomposed according to the Fourier analysis method, i.e. to obtain the DC component, the fundamental and higher harmonics of the fundamental energy, followed by three, five, seven ...... and so on.
Radio and electromagnetic interference
As we all know, radio modulation method to disseminate information. The audio signal in the high frequency load uses amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) method, and then modulated wave through the transmission antenna will be radiated out in the form of electromagnetic Phi radio receiving device via the receiving antenna receiver down s and then The frequency selection, frequency conversion, amplification, and demodulation, restore an audio signal, and finally through the low-frequency amplifier, the sound emitted by the loudspeaker. If only a modulation signal of the high frequency carrier without audio range, then its energy is again large, the radio receiving apparatus is also not be restored through a speaker any audio information. It can be thought, just super audio side Phi the presence of interference (the lower limit frequency of the audio oscillator 15k! Carpet, already outside of the audible range of the human ear), generating a higher harmonic does not become through Xin, the radio interference signal to the audio range, fact such interference sometimes very serious, may in the medium wave, short wave range are strongly noise, then the interference from where? there is audio switching regulated power supply scope of the interference signal, and modulation of each harmonic oscillation super audio, similar to the way radio interference with radios and other equipment, is an important source of interference.
3. Direct rectifier capacitor filter circuit characteristics
Directly to AC power rectifier filter high-frequency switching power supply, AC input voltage of 220V, 50Hz, generally use a bridge rectifier circuit, and then becomes 100Hz jagged pulsating DC voltage electrolytic capacitor filter, to the switching regulated power supply.
Can be seen from the figure, the role of the AC power supply is the energy of each Wms to the electrolytic capacitor charge time, to complement consumption by the switching circuit, a sawtooth-shaped voltage waveform from the point of view, but is pulsed current waveform from the point of view shaped, they are non-sinusoidal periodic volume contains rich harmonics, and the vast majority in the audio range (20-20000Hz) which l00Hz composition is likely to produce an important source of audio interference.
Similarly, according to the Fourier analysis, the non-sinusoidal periodic function can be decomposed into the fundamental wave and higher harmonics, its energy is concentrated in the vicinity of the fundamental and higher harmonics little energy. Because of its peak-to-peak value is small (only a few volts to a few card volts), if in the form of electromagnetic waves emitted by certain circuit elements (such as the LC network, etc.), the interference on the radio, etc. Element radio receiving apparatus is small. The the 1000kHz frequency in the medium wave band (531-1611kHz), for example, 1 ∞ Hz pulse-shaped current of 1 kHz harmonic before whom resonant frequency energy is almost zero, unless the radio is close to the place it , it is impossible for interference. But in fact many of the radio in the far distance of the switching regulator power position can still appear interference, because what is it? Can conclude the following analysis.
A low frequency signal to modulate the amplitude of the high frequency carrier so that a high-frequency carrier the same as the overall envelope and the variation of the low-frequency signal, which is an AM the corresponding modulated wave is amplitude modulated wave. If the low frequency signal is a single frequency sine wave, the high frequency carrier is a single frequency sine wave, both obtained by modulating role amplitude modulated wave, according to the principle of amplitude modulation, the amplitude of the amplitude of the low frequency signal with the high frequency carrier signal is less than 1: 3 cases, the carrier envelope is substantially similar to the low-frequency signal. If the low frequency signal is a plurality of frequencies, the amplitude modulation wave spectrum is the carrier and the two upper and lower sidebands. The switching regulator power supply of the low-frequency pulse amplitude is smaller the larger the amplitude of the high frequency of the switching pulses in the switching regulator power supply inteal AM role is bound to occur, and therefore the electromagnetic radiation generated by the power supply is amplitude modulated interference wave, since Both contain a wealth of fundamental and harmonic. The result of cross-modulation makes interference throughout the the super audio over a wide frequency range, Xin strong interference sound in the medium and short wave range, and this interference almost throughout the entire band.
To further verify the presence of the aforementioned problems, instead of AC power directly to the switching power supply with a DC power supply, test results, as anticipated, as that since there is no 100Hz charging pulse, tu the radio on which are Xin less than the noise emitted by the radio.
According to the above test can get the following conclusion: switching power supply for the yuan radio broadcast interference from 100Hz low frequency charging pulse harmonic modulation high frequency square wave form complex amplitude modulation wave. As the intensity of high-frequency switching square wave, not easily suppressed, it should not be reimbursing to strengthen the capacity of the high-frequency filter capacitor.
Thus think of the Electronic Ballast pollution problem of the electromagnetic environment, Electronic Ballast also do the test, fluorescent lamp can be lit, but the attendant problems in the fluorescent light is almost impossible to use The Radio received Xin broadcast, the radio signal is drowned in the noise, but also due to the load of the electronic ballast is exposed to the space and the size large fluorescent interference by its radiation intensity of electromagnetic waves, the noise is very serious.
Anti-jamming measures
In summary, the switching regulator power electromagnetic radiation interference from the low-frequency the 100Hz charge pulse and its harmonics amplitude modulation, super audio oscillator square wave and its harmonics weakened mainly by the following:
(1) using the appropriate filtering capacity electrolytic capacitor. Mainly from two aspects of anti-interference and cost performance should be considered.
(2) In the case of the possible, using appropriate methods to reduce overshoot and ringing super audio oscillation square waveform. The purpose of doing so is to reduce the super audio oscillation high harmonic energy, which can reduce the level of radio interference.
(3) the perfect calendar filter network, weaken the interference of switching regulated power supply to the AC mains reinfusion. The filter network in the form of a lot, according to the specific power supply manufacturer and the load to comprehensively consider the selection circuit forms.
(4) reasonable design of printed circuit board, a large area of ground measures, while strengthening the shield. This can effectively reduce the intensity of electromagnetic radiation caused by the distributed capacitance, and is also able to improve the reliability of the power supply.
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برچسب : switching power supply, نویسنده : nova novaking بازدید : 548 تاريخ : شنبه 9 دی 1391 ساعت: 10:35